Coal use drives sharp rise in U.S. power plant emissions amid summer heat

U.S. power plant emissions have surged to a three-year high, driven by a spike in coal use as utilities scramble to meet rising electricity demand during record summer heat and elevated natural gas prices.

Gavin Maguire reports for Reuters.


In short:

  • U.S. power sector emissions rose 5% in the first five months of 2025, reaching 640 million metric tons, mainly due to a 20% increase in coal pollution as utilities shifted away from more expensive natural gas.
  • Natural gas prices jumped more than 60% compared to early 2024, prompting a 4.2% drop in gas-fired electricity generation and a 14% rise in coal-fired generation through June.
  • Power demand is expected to remain high through the summer due to widespread heat waves, further boosting fossil fuel use and emissions despite record solar power output.

Why this matters:

Coal remains one of the dirtiest sources of energy, and its resurgence in the U.S. power mix is pushing carbon emissions to troubling levels just as the country braces for more extreme summer heat. When electricity demand spikes, especially at night when solar power goes offline, utilities lean heavily on fossil fuels, exacerbating the very climate pressures driving heat waves. These emissions not only heat the planet further but also worsen air quality, affecting respiratory health, especially among children, the elderly, and people living near power plants. With gas prices high and renewable sources still not meeting total demand, the return to coal is setting back progress on both climate and public health fronts.

Related: Trump EPA claims power plant emissions aren’t harmful, contradicting climate science

a herd of cattle standing next to each other

At COP30, Brazilian meat giant JBS recommends climate policy

Meat giant JBS is steering a private-sector “food systems” push to shape climate policy at COP30, promoting productivity-focused recommendations.

An indigenous Amazon man in native clothing

Protesters break into COP30 venue in Brazil

Indigenous and political activists broke through security lines at the UN’s COP30 climate talks in Belém, Brazil, shouting “our forests are not for sale” as they protested deforestation and oil exploration in the Amazon.

smiling woman wearing a crown of green leaves

The Pacific won a landmark climate case at the world's top court. Now they want countries to act

After the International Court of Justice declared that countries have a legal duty to curb greenhouse gas emissions, Pacific Island advocates are heading to COP30 to demand that world leaders phase out fossil fuels, fund recovery from climate disasters, and center Indigenous voices in climate decisions.

A view of a busy street and underground highway in Tehran Iran

Tehran taps run dry as water crisis deepens across Iran

Iran is grappling with its worst water crisis in decades, with officials warning that Tehran — a city of more than 10 million — may soon be uninhabitable if the drought gripping the country continues.
Vehicles in a production line in a manufacturing plant

The Chinese EV market is imploding

Once hailed as proof of China’s technological ascendancy, the nation’s electric vehicle industry is now buckling under state overreach, overproduction, and mounting losses, threatening both China’s economy and the global auto market.

 21st session of the UN Conference on Climate Change Paris 2015
Copyright: palinchak/BigStock Photo ID: 110010617

Paris Agreement 10 years on: More wins than you may realize

Global emissions continue to rise a decade after the Paris Agreement. However, solar, wind and EV growth demonstrate that climate action can work. Here's what has been achieved and what remains urgent.
Offshore oil drilling platform
Credit: Photo by Zach Theo on Unsplash

An oil company running into rough waters off the California coast is looking to Trump for help

A vote to deny Sable Offshore permits to restart production builds on a series of lawsuits and an accusation of insider trading, but the CEO wants the president to help it overcome its setbacks.
From our Newsroom
Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

One facility has emitted cancer-causing chemicals into waterways at levels up to 520% higher than legal limits.

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

"The reality is, we are not exposed to one chemical at a time.”

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro speaks with the state flag and American flag behind him.

Two years into his term, has Gov. Shapiro kept his promises to regulate Pennsylvania’s fracking industry?

A new report assesses the administration’s progress and makes new recommendations

silhouette of people holding hands by a lake at sunset

An open letter from EPA staff to the American public

“We cannot stand by and allow this to happen. We need to hold this administration accountable.”

wildfire retardants being sprayed by plane

New evidence links heavy metal pollution with wildfire retardants

“The chemical black box” that blankets wildfire-impacted areas is increasingly under scrutiny.

Stay informed: sign up for The Daily Climate newsletter
Top news on climate impacts, solutions, politics, drivers. Delivered to your inbox week days.