Food waste & agricultural inefficiencies.

New technologies promise to transform farming, but most haven’t delivered yet

Scientists and entrepreneurs are racing to reinvent agriculture to feed a booming population and fight climate change, but their high-tech solutions keep falling short.

Elizabeth Kolbert reports for The New Yorker.


In short:

  • The original Green Revolution boosted food yields but created environmental and economic inequalities, especially for small farmers. Many couldn’t afford the fertilizers and irrigation required for success.
  • In his new book, journalist Michael Grunwald explores modern alternatives like carbon farming, vertical agriculture, and lab-grown meat, but finds most are failing under scientific or economic scrutiny. One indoor vertical farm alone, AeroFarms, needed all of America’s renewable power to scale, notes Grunwald.
  • Vaclav Smil's latest book argues that we don’t need miracles — just less waste and less meat. Up to 40% of food is discarded, and feeding crops to livestock is wildly inefficient.

Key quote:

[We predict] “a tragic mismatch of global food supply and demand by mid-century. We are not on track to meet future food needs. Not even close.”

— 2025 open letter authored by more than a hundred Nobel laureates

Why this matters:

With agriculture already a top driver of climate change, the future of food is a health and environmental crisis in the making. And yet, the most boring answer might be the right one: eat less meat, stop throwing out nearly half our food, and make better use of what we already grow. It doesn’t sound revolutionary, but maybe that’s the point.

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