Opinion: Global warming is a crisis of inequality

Climate change-driven disasters often strike hardest where inequality, colonial legacies, and poor infrastructure leave communities most exposed and least protected.

Friederike Otto writes for The Guardian.


In short:

  • Climate scientist Friederike Otto argues that the true drivers of climate disasters are exposure and vulnerability — factors shaped by poverty, colonialism, and systemic injustice — not simply changes in weather patterns.
  • Her research into recent floods in Nigeria and drought in Madagascar shows that while climate change plays a role, failures in infrastructure, governance, and equity are often more decisive.
  • Otto critiques climate science for focusing narrowly on physics, calling for a broader lens that includes political, historical, and social dimensions in understanding and addressing climate impacts.

Key quote:

“Climate change is a symptom of this global crisis of inequality and injustice, not its cause.”

— Friederike Otto, associate professor, Global Climate Science Programme

Why this matters:

In many parts of the world, communities facing the brunt of climate disasters — like flooding, droughts, and extreme heat — have long been trapped in cycles of vulnerability shaped by colonial exploitation, racial inequality, and economic neglect. These disasters don't occur in a vacuum; the scale of suffering often reflects a failure to invest in people and infrastructure, not just the wrath of nature. Climate science rooted only in physics cannot fully explain why a flood becomes a humanitarian catastrophe. If climate policy continues to ignore these power imbalances, it risks reinforcing the very injustices that make global warming so deadly in the first place.

Read more: Climate disasters disrupt education for Black children, deepening inequities

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