The rain is cleaner, but now it’s full of plastic and forever chemicals

A generation after acid rain was largely eliminated, scientists say rainfall is now carrying something even more insidious — microplastics and forever chemicals that are nearly impossible to remove.

Benji Jones reports for Vox.


In short:

  • Decades of environmental policy cleaned up acid rain, but modern pollutants like microplastics and PFAS (forever chemicals) have taken its place, contaminating rainfall worldwide.
  • Microplastics from roads, clothing, and oceans get swept into the atmosphere and fall with the rain, while PFAS, used in nonstick cookware and water-resistant fabrics, persist in the environment for centuries.
  • These pollutants seep into drinking water sources, and while treatment plants can remove some, a significant amount remains, exposing people and wildlife to chemicals linked to cancer, kidney disease, and immune disorders.

Key quote:

"It’s much worse than the acid rain problem. With acid rain, we could stop emitting acid precursors and then acid rain would stop falling. But we can’t stop the microplastic cycle anymore. It’s there and it’s not going away."

— Janice Brahney, biogeochemist at Utah State University

Why this matters:
Even if you don’t drink untreated rainwater, these pollutants are making their way into tap water, food, and even human brains. Water treatment plants can catch some of it, but not enough. And with microplastics now found in human lungs, blood, and even placentas, the long-term health consequences are still unfolding.

Read more: Toxic PFAS pollution is likely at more than 57,000 US locations.

A view of a green field with desert mountains in the background

‘I don’t trust them’: The data center fight mobilizing Imperial County voters

Residents across party lines are channeling anger over plans for California’s largest data center into local elections.
An abstract view of flames with smoke rising from them

Los Angeles fire smoke exposed millions to toxic metals, study finds

During the peak of the 2025 Los Angeles fires, approximately 7 million residents were exposed to airborne lead concentrations over 24 hours that exceeded 80 times the normal background level.

A view of a prairie farm field with a tractor in the distance

Farmers on the frontlines of climate change reflect on an unpredictable future

Wet weather hammered many crops across the Prairies this summer. Here’s how some Manitoba farmers are thinking about the future.

A view of a double waterfall in a green location

‘Already feeling it’: Northern Amazon waterfall season ends early, hurting livelihoods

By drying up waterfalls earlier than usual, climate change is directly hurting regional tourism, which local residents and surrounding communities rely on for their livelihoods.

An aerial view of Lake Powell with boats navigating through the water

As the Colorado river shrinks, calls to drain Lake Powell grow

As drought deepens, groups are pushing to drain Lake Powell entirely to reveal its long-submerged rock arches and spires and allow wildlife along the Colorado River to recover.

A view of Amazon forest with forest fire smoke floating between the trees

Is Brazil’s vote a turning point for climate politics?

Lula’s win could mark a broader victory for climate politics. But oil remains a sticking point.
Extreme high tide and flooded roadway at the dikes of the Dutch coastal works
Credit: Micha Klootwijk/BigStock Photo ID: 55233293

Record-breaking high tides spark chaos — and kayak commutes — across California

Seawater surges into low-lying communities from San Diego to San Francisco Bay Area, submerging streets, homes, and businesses.

From our Newsroom
Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

One facility has emitted cancer-causing chemicals into waterways at levels up to 520% higher than legal limits.

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

"The reality is, we are not exposed to one chemical at a time.”

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro speaks with the state flag and American flag behind him.

Two years into his term, has Gov. Shapiro kept his promises to regulate Pennsylvania’s fracking industry?

A new report assesses the administration’s progress and makes new recommendations

silhouette of people holding hands by a lake at sunset

An open letter from EPA staff to the American public

“We cannot stand by and allow this to happen. We need to hold this administration accountable.”

wildfire retardants being sprayed by plane

New evidence links heavy metal pollution with wildfire retardants

“The chemical black box” that blankets wildfire-impacted areas is increasingly under scrutiny.

Stay informed: sign up for The Daily Climate newsletter
Top news on climate impacts, solutions, politics, drivers. Delivered to your inbox week days.