El Niño-triggered drought leads to severe hunger in southern Africa

A devastating drought driven by the El Niño weather pattern has led to widespread crop failure in Zambia, Malawi, and Zimbabwe, resulting in severe food shortages and national emergency declarations.

Jenipher Changwanda and Freddie Clayton report for Yale Environment 360.


In short:

  • Southern Africa experienced its worst mid-season dry spell in over a century, drastically reducing maize harvests.
  • Food prices in some drought-affected areas have increased by up to 82%, and more than 18 million people now need urgent humanitarian assistance.
  • Efforts to adapt with climate-smart farming techniques have had limited success against extreme weather conditions.

Key quote:

“I cannot remember anything like this. People are so hungry they are stealing food ... If we survive until the next harvest, it will be by the grace of God.”

— Esnart Chongani, Zambian farmer

Why this matters:

Climate change is likely making extreme weather events like El Niño more severe, increasing the frequency and intensity of droughts. The current El Niño, a periodic climate phenomenon characterized by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, has significantly disrupted weather patterns globally. In Southern Africa, this has manifested in prolonged dry spells and intense heat, crippling agricultural production in regions heavily reliant on rainfall for farming. As global temperatures continue to rise, the frequency and severity of such extreme weather events are likely to increase.

Opinion: The case for a child-centered energy and climate policy

Woman in a summer dress reading a book next to a basket full of sunflowers

Our annual summer reading list, 2026 edition

Here's what our staff is reading this summer.

Welcome to summer! Here our staff share a memorable book that they’ve recently read, and this year's collection reflects the curiosity and diverse interests of our team. We hope these recommendations lead you to a book you'll remember long after summer ends.

Keep reading...Show less
A barren environment with large mining equipment digging into the earth

Germany saves forest from mining, US opens land to drilling

Germans have won a fight to keep a coal mine out of an ancient forest. In the U.S., the government is opening protected lands for drilling and development.

A mountain lion walks through a forest

Wildlife’s unpredictable movements make climate-change planning difficult

Ecologists expected many species to shift northward or upslope in response to warming temperatures, but only about half of observed range shifts so far align with their projections.

A dead bird on a sandy beach

Some seabirds off California are starving to death amid marine heat wave

Many seabirds are starving to death as a marine heat wave lingers off California and fish seek deeper, cooler waters.
An aerial view of a body of water with a bridge crossing it

Global oceans break June temperature record with fears they’re headed into ‘uncharted territory’

The planet’s oceans are at unprecedented temperatures for this time of year, breaking the all-time June record, according to new data, with alarming implications for global weather and marine life.

A closeup view of a citibank sign in red, white and blue

Banks are financing the fossil fuel industry’s next growth strategy

New research shows major lenders are accelerating their investment in Big Oil as the industry turns toward plastics and petrochemicals.
An illustration of recyclable home goods such as bottles and a bag

How buying green can quietly erase its own efficiency gains

Researchers show how consumer eco-consciousness can trigger discounts on inefficient products, canceling the gains shoppers thought they'd locked in.
From our Newsroom
Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

One facility has emitted cancer-causing chemicals into waterways at levels up to 520% higher than legal limits.

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

"The reality is, we are not exposed to one chemical at a time.”

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro speaks with the state flag and American flag behind him.

Two years into his term, has Gov. Shapiro kept his promises to regulate Pennsylvania’s fracking industry?

A new report assesses the administration’s progress and makes new recommendations

silhouette of people holding hands by a lake at sunset

An open letter from EPA staff to the American public

“We cannot stand by and allow this to happen. We need to hold this administration accountable.”

wildfire retardants being sprayed by plane

New evidence links heavy metal pollution with wildfire retardants

“The chemical black box” that blankets wildfire-impacted areas is increasingly under scrutiny.

Stay informed: sign up for The Daily Climate newsletter
Top news on climate impacts, solutions, politics, drivers. Delivered to your inbox week days.