Melting glaciers put global food and water systems at risk

Retreating glaciers could disrupt food and water supplies for 2 billion people, as rapid ice loss reshapes ecosystems and agriculture across mountain regions worldwide.

Fiona Harvey reports for The Guardian.


In short:

  • A new UN report warns that two-thirds of the world’s irrigated agriculture is vulnerable to receding glaciers and declining snowfall.
  • Glacier melt affects more than just mountain communities — rivers like the Colorado, already strained by drought, rely on snowmelt now falling as faster-draining rain.
  • As glaciers vanish, darker surfaces absorb more solar heat, further accelerating warming, disrupting climate patterns, and increasing flood and avalanche risks.

Key quote:

“Regardless of where we live, we all depend in some way on mountains and glaciers. But these natural water towers are facing imminent peril.”

— Audrey Azoulay, director general of UNESCO

Why this matters:

Glaciers, often seen as remote and untouchable, are in fact deeply woven into the fabric of daily life for millions — even for those living far from mountain ranges. These vast frozen reservoirs act as nature’s slow-drip faucets, releasing meltwater in a steady rhythm that feeds rivers, supports crops, fills drinking glasses, and keeps turbines turning in hydroelectric dams. But as the climate warms, that rhythm is breaking. The loss of glaciers doesn’t just mean less water — it also means more chaos. The initial stages of glacial retreat can lead to flooding as ice dams break or glacial lakes overflow. Over time, as meltwater dwindles, drought settles in. These twin extremes of water abundance and scarcity feed instability — not only in ecosystems but in economies, food systems, and even geopolitics.

Scientists warn that these cascading disruptions are already underway. And while the imagery of melting glaciers may feel abstract, the fallout touches everything from the price of food at the grocery store to the migration patterns of families seeking more stable ground.

Learn more: Scientists document the global disappearance of glaciers

Oil drilling rig silhouetted against a red sunset sky.

Canada announces new methane emission standards for oil and gas sector

The new rules, which will take effect in 2028, aim to cut emissions by 75% by 2035.

people gathered outside buildings holding Climate Justice Now signage.

Here's the global playbook being used to crack down on climate protest

A new study finds that repression of environmental protest is rising worldwide and Indigenous land defenders face the greatest risk.
Greenpeace ship in port.

Greenpeace’s fight with pipeline giant exposes a legal loophole

A court filing by a group with deep ties to the pipeline company Energy Transfer raises questions about the growing use of amicus briefs in litigation.
burgers and fries inside box.

Ultra-processed diets drive obesity and climate change — but solutions are within reach

Diets around the world dependent on ultra-processed foods and animal-based agriculture are driving obesity rates and climate change, but solutions exist that would bolster health, and save money and the planet, according to a new review. 
skyline photography of nuclear plant cooling tower blowing smokes under white and orange sky at daytime.

India's Parliament approves bill to open civil nuclear power sector to private firms

India’s Parliament has approved new legislation to open the civil nuclear power sector to private companies.

Portrait of President Donald Trump with American flag in background.

The year the US doubled down on critical minerals

In 2025, the list of metals became a top priority under President Trump. But what even are they?

A river running through a canyon surrounded by mountains.

The brawl over the Colorado River is about more than water

The lifeblood of the West is drying up — and scrambling state and local politics.
From our Newsroom
Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

Multiple Houston-area oil and gas facilities that have violated pollution laws are seeking permit renewals

One facility has emitted cancer-causing chemicals into waterways at levels up to 520% higher than legal limits.

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

Regulators are underestimating health impacts from air pollution: Study

"The reality is, we are not exposed to one chemical at a time.”

Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro speaks with the state flag and American flag behind him.

Two years into his term, has Gov. Shapiro kept his promises to regulate Pennsylvania’s fracking industry?

A new report assesses the administration’s progress and makes new recommendations

silhouette of people holding hands by a lake at sunset

An open letter from EPA staff to the American public

“We cannot stand by and allow this to happen. We need to hold this administration accountable.”

wildfire retardants being sprayed by plane

New evidence links heavy metal pollution with wildfire retardants

“The chemical black box” that blankets wildfire-impacted areas is increasingly under scrutiny.

Stay informed: sign up for The Daily Climate newsletter
Top news on climate impacts, solutions, politics, drivers. Delivered to your inbox week days.